UCCS History Graduate Student Jeff Turkowski will be graduating this December with his M.A.. Recently he took up a new post as Director of the Polish Museum and Kashubian Institute in Winona, Minnesota. As part of his ongoing research on the Kashubian peoples of Eastern Europe, he recently attended the 25th Annual Kashubian Conference held recently in Kartuzy, Poland. He reports back from there and includes his own reflections on the histories and cultures of peoples in Poland, and the status of democracy and self-determination in the face of the nearby war in the Ukraine.
“Retired Polish judge Miroslaw Wyrzykowski says the new legislation is unconstitutional and reminds him of 1950s America when former Sen. Joseph McCarthy set up congressional hearings to root out communism in the United States.”
https://www.npr.org/2023/06/14/1181674873/poland-russian-influence-law-polish-democracy
As the border of Belarus and Poland remain an area of tension the Polish Law and Justice party threaten democracy by attempting to invoke a law that would allow the current right-wing party in power to remove government officials if suspected of ever working with the communist party. Interesting that everyone over the age of forty qualifies for interrogation as a country that has only recently gained its autonomy from the former Soviet Union. This attack on democracy from inside of Poland’s national government has already gained attention from the European Union, and its citizens.
Mayor Ryzard Sylka of Bytow, Poland recently visited Winona, Minnesota as a part of the delegation invited by the Winona International Friends Association, or Sister City Program that began with President Eisenhower after World War II. The trip was originally scheduled for 2020, however due to the pandemic served to reestablish connections between the two cities. Many relationships among prominent members of each city shared knowledge and friendship during the visit. Many topics and conversations were had, but Mayor Sylka always came back to two topics, supporting Ukraine, and the threat against Polish democracy. There is still fear of a Russian invasion within the borders of Kaszube and Poland as many people lived through the Solidarity movement that began with Kaszube harbor workers as early as 1956. However, that fear should not allow politicians to break down the rights of the people established in the Polish constitution.
I was invited back to Bytow, Poland for a visit of my own with former city council member Michelle Alexander who received the Honor Badge under the Polish Flag during the visit, and Dr. Denise McDowell of Winona State University. Our time was full of many enjoyable memories as we toured the largest medieval castle in Malbork, the Bytow museum and library in the old Teutonic castle, and many other cultural experiences. We connected with local businesses for the establishment of future cooperations between cities with meetings with Drutex, PowerGift, and several other local vendors. As the Director of the Polish Museum in Winona, I also established a museum exchange program beginning with an exhibit of immigrant industrial workers from Kaszube that immigrated to Winona in the nineteenth century.
However, the trip was not only about having fun and touring medieval buildings. The 25th Annual Kashubian Congress was held in Kartuzy this year. We joined Mayor Sylka on stage in front of thousands of people as he received an award for his work in establishing connections with the United States and developing Kashubian culture and history in the area! Many conversations about democracy and the establishment of constitutional rights were abundant during this congressional meeting. For me it remained important to stand for a symbol of democracy, and support leaders that condemned the actions of Russia while supporting the democracy that allows for Polish autonomy.
It’s well known throughout Poland that the KGB and other Russian oligarchs maintain some level of control over business and politics. Many say that the stars on the wings of the Polish eagle cannot be removed until this influence is thwarted. However, it remains important that a right-wing political party cannot be allowed to overthrow their constitution to attempt to rid the Polish government from this influence. Especially when reports confirm that this action is more about maintaining control of government by the dying Law and Justice Conservative Party that is more than likely maneuvering to remain in power. We proudly marched with Kaszube in support of their culture, teaching their history, and in support of their democracy!
The political future of Poland remains unknown, but it was an amazing experience to be involved in an international conversation about personal liberties and democracy in the face of Russian corruption and right-wing fear of losing power. I continue to engage in these conversations as the world begins to be aware of the complications of the current Polish establishment, the threats of Belarus and Wagner group on Warsaw, and the Polish peoples resolve to fight both for the sake of liberty, freedom, and autonomy! Hopefully, these relationships and annual visits to the Kashubian Congress will remain possible in 2024 and beyond!